Relación costo-utilidad de la disminución del consumo de sal y su efecto en la incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en Argentina
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Ferrante, D., Konfino, J., Mejía, R., Coxson, P., Moran, A., Goldman, L., & Pérez-Stable, E. J. (2012). Relación costo-utilidad de la disminución del consumo de sal y su efecto en la incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en Argentina [Journal articles]. https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9257
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2012
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Objetivo. Estimar la relación costo-utilidad de una intervención dirigida a reducir el consumo de sal en la dieta de personas mayores de 35 años en Argentina. Métodos. La intervención consistió en reducir entre 5% y 25% el contenido de sal en los alimentos. Se utilizó el modelo de simulación del impacto de las políticas sobre la enfermedad coronaria para predecir la evolución de la incidencia, la prevalencia, la mortalidad y los costos en la población de la enfermedad coronaria y cerebrovascular en personas de 35 a 84 años. Se modeló el efecto y los costos de una disminución de 3 g de sal en la dieta, mediante su reducción en alimentos procesados y en la añadida por los consumidores, por un período de 10 años. Se estimó el cambio en la ocurrencia de eventos en este período y la ganancia en años de vida ajustados por la calidad (AVAC) en un escenario de efecto alto y otro de efecto bajo. Resultados. La intervención generó un ahorro neto de US$ 3 765 millones y una ganancia de 656 657 AVAC en el escenario de efecto alto y de US$ 2 080 millones y 401 659 AVAC en el escenario de efecto bajo. Se obtendrían reducciones en la incidencia de enfermedad coronaria (24,1%), infarto agudo de miocardio (21,6%) y accidente cerebrovascular (20,5%), y en la mortalidad por enfermedad coronaria (19,9%) y por todas las causas (6,4%). Se observaron beneficios para todos los grupos de edad y sexo. Conclusiones. La implementación de esta estrategia de reducción del consumo de sal produciría un efecto sanitario muy positivo, tanto en AVAC ganados como en recursos económicos ahorrados.(AU)
Objective. Estimate the cost-utility ratio of an intervention to reduce dietary salt intake in people over the age of 35 in Argentina. Methods. The intervention consisted of reducing salt content in food by 5% to 25%. A simulation model was used to measure the impact of policies on heart disease in order to predict incidence, prevalence, mortality, and cost trends for heart and cerebrovascular disease in the population aged 35 84. The intervention modeled the impact and costs of a 3-gram reduction in dietary salt intake by reducing the amount of salt in processed food and salt added to food by the participants themselves over a 10-year period. Changes in event occurrence during this period and gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) were estimated in high- and low-impact scenarios. Results. The intervention generated a net savings of US$ 3 765 million and a gain of 656 657 QALYs in the high-impact scenario and a savings of US$ 2 080 million and 401 659 QALY in the low-impact scenario. The result would be reductions in the incidence of heart disease (24.1%), acute myocardial infarction (21.6%), and stroke (20.5%), as well as in mortality from heart disease (19.9%) and all causes (6.4%). Benefits were observed for all age groups and both genders. Conclusions. Implementing this strategy to reduce salt intake would produce a very positive health impact, both in QALY gains and savings in economic resources.(AU)
Objective. Estimate the cost-utility ratio of an intervention to reduce dietary salt intake in people over the age of 35 in Argentina. Methods. The intervention consisted of reducing salt content in food by 5% to 25%. A simulation model was used to measure the impact of policies on heart disease in order to predict incidence, prevalence, mortality, and cost trends for heart and cerebrovascular disease in the population aged 35 84. The intervention modeled the impact and costs of a 3-gram reduction in dietary salt intake by reducing the amount of salt in processed food and salt added to food by the participants themselves over a 10-year period. Changes in event occurrence during this period and gains in quality-adjusted life years (QALY) were estimated in high- and low-impact scenarios. Results. The intervention generated a net savings of US$ 3 765 million and a gain of 656 657 QALYs in the high-impact scenario and a savings of US$ 2 080 million and 401 659 QALY in the low-impact scenario. The result would be reductions in the incidence of heart disease (24.1%), acute myocardial infarction (21.6%), and stroke (20.5%), as well as in mortality from heart disease (19.9%) and all causes (6.4%). Benefits were observed for all age groups and both genders. Conclusions. Implementing this strategy to reduce salt intake would produce a very positive health impact, both in QALY gains and savings in economic resources.(AU)
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Subject
Sodio en la dieta
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Análisis de Costo-Beneficio
Argentina
Sodium, dietary
cardiovascular diseases
Cost-benefit analysis
Argentina
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Promoção da Saúde
Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta
Argentina
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Análise Custo-Benefício
Incidência
Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida
Enfermedades Cardiovasculares
Análisis de Costo-Beneficio
Argentina
Sodium, dietary
cardiovascular diseases
Cost-benefit analysis
Argentina
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Promoção da Saúde
Cloreto de Sódio na Dieta
Argentina
Doenças Cardiovasculares
Análise Custo-Benefício
Incidência
Anos de Vida Ajustados por Qualidade de Vida
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Ferrante, Daniel,Konfino, Jonatan,Mejía, Raúl,Coxson, Pamela,Moran, Andrew,Goldman, Lee,Pérez-Stable, Eliseo J (2012) Relación costo-utilidad de la disminución del consumo de sal y su efecto en la incidencia de enfermedades cardiovasculares en Argentina. Rev Panam Salud Publica;32(4),oct. 2012.
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