Regional Symposium on Solid Wastes
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Pan American Health Organization. (1978). Regional Symposium on Solid Wastes [Journal articles]. https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/35321
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1978
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PNDP/78-10 En
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Document No. EH 22
Regional Symposium on Solid Wastes. Pan American Health Organization; 13-17 Feb., 1978
. World Health Organization
Regional Symposium on Solid Wastes. Pan American Health Organization; 13-17 Feb., 1978
. World Health Organization
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Item Regional Symposium on Solid Waste(1978)Recopilación de los trabajos presentados por los participantes al Simposio. This document is published in Spanish under No. 21 of this SeriesItem Gestão adequada de resíduos sólidos como fator de proteção na ocorrência da dengue(2020)[RESUMO]. Objetivo. Verificar a existência de associação de indicadores de gestão de resíduos sólidos e socioeconômicos municipais com índices de incidência de dengue, Zika e Chikungunya nos municípios do estado brasileiro de Minas Gerais. Métodos. Este estudo de caráter exploratório, quantitativo e transversal abrangeu os 853 municípios do estado de Minas Gerais. Todos os dados utilizados foram secundários, coletados e agrupados por regionais de planejamento. Como variáveis independentes, foram consideradas a cobertura de coleta de resíduos sólidos urbanos, cobertura de coleta seletiva e massa de resíduos sólidos urbanos, além de um indicador da qualidade da destinação final de resídulos, índices de desenvolvimento humano municipal e de Gini, renda mensal per capita e porcentagem de vulneráveis à pobreza. Os fatores potencialmente associados aos desfechos – incidências municipais de dengue, Chikungunya e Zika – foram selecionados inicialmente através de análises univariadas. Posteriormente, os modelos de regressão linear para as incidências de dengue, Chikungunya ou Zika foram gerados considerando os preditores selecionados pela análise univariada. Resultados. Não foi observada associação entre gestão de resíduos sólidos e incidência de Chikungunya e Zika. Por sua vez, a incidência de dengue associou-se à gestão de resíduos sólidos e apresentou relação inversa significativa com o percentual de vulneráveis à pobreza. Houve também associação direta o índice de Gini, sugerindo que quanto maiores os registros de incidência de dengue de 2007 a 2016, maiores os valores de Gini dos municípios – ou seja, maior a desigualdade social. A cobertura da coleta seletiva apresentou relação inversa e significativa com os casos de dengue, sugerindo que quanto menor a cobertura da coleta de seletiva, maiores foram os casos registrados de dengue. Conclusões. A gestão de resíduos sólidos pode influenciar os casos de dengue e, por isso, deve ser considerada nas ações de saúde pública.Item Regional Evaluation Municipal Solid Waste Management Services. Country Analytical Report, Trinidad and Tobago. Evaluation 2002(PAHO, 2003)This evaluation 2002(for the year 2001) exercise coordinated by the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) provides an opportunity to develop scientific data that has not been formally documented since the Trinidad and Tobago Solid Waste Management Study was done in 1979 and the waste characterization studies by the SWMCOL in 1996. While PAHO/WHO, IDB, the World Bank and the USAID have all supported efforts to effect sectoral analysis in solid waste, the practice of information development and management has not become the culture in Trinidad and Tobago. Demographic shifts coupled with economic activity changes have introduced increased generation rates and new types of waste items that have placed unplanned demands on the existing waste management systems. Industrial development in the energy sectors, which is associated with complex technologies and processes, has contributed to added demands for environmental management. Waste generation from these industries has resulted in waste types and volumes far different from the traditional characteristics of municipal waste. It is within this context that an understanding of the current situation needs to be assessed, and the information used to facilitate the development of updated waste management policies, plans and strategies.Item Solid Waste Regional. Country Analytical Report, St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Evaluation 2002(PAHO, 2002)[Introduction]The process of collecting and developing the data required for the production of Evaluation 2002 for St. Vincent and the Grenadines was carried out by a PAHO representative in conjunction with the General Manager of the Solid Waste Management Unit of St. Vincent and the Grenadines. Assistance was also given by the Operations Manager, and the Collection Superintendent of SWMU as well as the Financial Officer of CWSA. Additional information was obtained from the Chief Environmental Health Officer of the Public Health Department. St. Vincent and the Grenadines form an independent country within the British Commonwealth. The survey covers the main islands of St. Vincent and the northern Grenadines, including the larger islands of Bequia, Canouan and Union Island. St. Vincent and the Grenadines is a full member of the Organization of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS). The Central Government is located in Kingstown, St. Vincent. The overall management of solid waste is controlled by the Solid Waste Management Unit (SWMU) which is, for administrative purposes, located within the Central Water and Sewerage Authority. The Central Water and Sewerage Authority and the Solid Waste Management Unit form a semi-autonomous entity under the Central Government. This administrative arrangement was developed in response to the requirements of Component 3 of the World Bank/Caribbean Development Bank Ship-Generated Waste Management and Solid Waste Management Projects. The solid waste management system in St. Vincent and the Grenadines is extremely highly rated in the Implementation Completion Report (ICR) issued by the World Bank in November 2003. The report makes specific reference to greatly improved collection services both on the main island and the smaller islands as well as a much improved percentage of collected materials which reach the final disposal sites. In addition, St. Vincent has developed a highly successful system of cost recovery that has sharply reduced the need for direct Government funding.Item Regional Evaluation Municipal Solid Waste Management Services. Country Analytical Report, Jamaica. Evaluation 2002(PAHO, 2003)[Exexutive Summary] The Jamaica government has adopted an integrated approach to the management of solid waste and is therefore participating in Evaluation 2002 to identify and organize existing data to assist the process. With a burgeoning population, the evolution of the solid waste sector has been in the first instance hap-hazard and then developed increased focus and rationale with a final consensus that landfilling municipal waste will prove to be the most effective and appropriate method to be employed for the island. Under the new regime, cost recovery mechanisms have been identified in the form of tipping fees and special waste disposal fee to supplement the budget for the sector. In analyzing the sector significant improvements have been identified especially as it relates to the collaboration with other sectors and partners. With the administrative management of the sector now with a central governing body, the National Solid Waste Management Authority, the sector gave way to a system where individual parks and markets companies had responsibilities for their own regions financed through local government subvention and was replaced by a transition sector with standardized practices and harmonized administrative and financial arrangements. The sector has also seen an increase in the shared and participatory approached to the management of waste with a number of private sector companies and non-governmental organizations emerging.