Epidemiología y ecología del cáncer gástrico en Costa Rica
Epidemiology and ecology of gastric cancer in Costa Rica
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s.d., 1983
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Se exponen los resultados de un estudio epidemiológico de cáncer gástrico en Costa Rica donde se encuentran diferencias regionales marcadas. Se analizan las posibles influencias de factores ecológicos en la incidencia de cáncer y se determina una fuerte correlación en la variación de las tasas de cáncer y algunos elementos del suelo (AU)
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Item Cáncer de los órganos de la reproducción en Costa Rica(s.d.)Se analizan las estadísticas de defunciones y de egresos hospitalarios en relación con el cáncer de los órganos de la reproducción correspondientes al período de 1956 a 1969 en Costa Rica. El análisis se concentra en las variaciones seculares y geográficas y compara la situación de Costa Rica con las características observadas en otros países (AU)Item Temporal trends and spatial clusters of gastric cancer mortality in Brazil(2022)[ABSTRACT]. Objective. To identify nationwide temporal trends and spatial patterns of gastric cancer–related mortality in Brazil. Methods. An ecological study was performed using death certificates registered from 2000 to 2019 in which gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death (an underlying or associated cause). Trends over time were assessed using joinpoint regression models. Spatial and spatiotemporal clusters were identified by Kulldorff’s space–time scan statistics to identify high-risk areas. Results. In 276 897/22 663 091 (1.22%) death certificates gastric cancer was recorded as any cause of death. Age-adjusted gastric cancer–related mortality increased significantly over time (annual percentage change [APC]: 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.5 to 0.8). The increase in mortality was more pronounced in the less-developed North and Northeast Regions (North Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.7 to 3.5; Northeast Region, APC: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.5 to 3.7). Eight spatiotemporally associated high-risk clusters of gastric cancer–related mortality were identified in the North, South, Northeast and Central–West Regions, as well as a major cluster covering a wide geographical range in the South and Southeast Regions of Brazil during the first years of the study period (2000 to 2009). Conclusions. More recently, during 2010 to 2019, clusters of gastric cancer have been identified in the Northeast Region. The nationwide increase in mortality in this analysis of 20 years of data highlights the persistently high burden of gastric cancer in Brazil, especially in socioeconomically disadvantaged regions. The identification of these areas where the population is at high risk for gastric cancer–related mortality emphasizes the need to develop effective and intersectoral control measures.Item Cancer del estomago en Costa Rica: Incidencia y mortalidad(s.d.)Stomach cancer incidence and mortality in Costa Rica are analyzed by sex and age group in the affected population over the period 1956-1985. Mortality has been irregular, ranging from 55.2 per 100 000 inhabitants in men and 32.4 per 1000 000 in women for the 1956-1957 biennium, to 48.9 and 23.7 per 100 000, respectively, in 1982-1983. In recent years there has been a rising trend: among males, the average mortality has been aproximately 50 per 100 000 inhabitants; for women, the rate has been around 30 per 100 000. The incidence showed a slight tendency to decline in both sexes, although the decline was more pronounced among women. The group most affected was that of men over age 45. Both incidence and mortality from this disease continue to be high- comparable to rates in countries such a Japan and Chile. The significant drop observed in these rates in recent years in the international community has not been fully reflected in Costa Rica. Consequently, interest should by fostered and efforts made to improve the diagnosis and treatment of stomach cancer in this countryItem Cáncer del tracto alimentario en Costa Rica(s.d.)Se analizaron las defunciones y los egresos hospitalarios atribuidos a cáncer del tracto alimentario en Costa Rica, registrados de 1956 a 1969, para observar las tendencias seculares, la distribución geográfica, y comparar los resultados con las observaciones hechas en otros paísesItem Epidemiología del cancer del cuello uterino en Costa Rica : 1980-1983(s.d.)In Costa Rica, despite the fact that mortality from cancer of the uterine cervix has decline in the last 20 years, it is still the second cause of cancer deaths in women today. The results from the study reported here- a descriptive epidemiological investigation of cancer of the uterine cervix during the period 1980-1983 in this country- show that the rates of incidence are similar to those in other Latin American countries, and that there are significant differences from region to region within the country. These differences are due mainly to unequal access to medical services by women in different areas and, as a result, early or late detection of the tumor. The rates of invasive cancer and cancer in situ were 33.6 and 36.3 per 100 000 women, respectively. The age-specific rates showed that cancer in situ most frequent in the 35-44 year age group, while the incidence of invasive cancer increased progressively with age. Cancer was found in the endocervix in 62 percent, in the exocervix in 23 percent, and in other parts of the cervix in 14 percent of the 577 cases for which information was available on the location of the tumor. Of the cases of invasive cancer, 83. 4 percent were carcinomas and 6 percent were adenocarcinonmas. The rates of invasive uterine cancer showed significant correlations only with respect to diarrhea-associated infant mortality and to gonorrhea